The Woman at the Well
Tired from his journey, Jesus rested at Jacob's well near Sychar in Samaria and asked a Samaritan woman for water, crossing both gender and ethnic barriers that would have scandalized his contemporaries. In their conversation he offered her 'living water' that would become in her 'a well of water springing up into everlasting life,' then revealed his knowledge of her five past husbands and current relationship, prompting her to recognize him as a prophet and eventually the promised Messiah. She left her water jar to tell the whole town, and many Samaritans believed because of her testimony and then because they heard Jesus themselves - one of the Gospels' clearest pictures of the Gospel breaking through social and ethnic division.
Key Passage
The Woman at the Well
John 4:4-26
4nd he must needs go through Samaria.
Meanwhile in the World
The Roman Empire is at its peak under Augustus and Tiberius (Pax Romana). Rome controls the entire Mediterranean world. Roads, common language (Greek), and peace make travel and communication easy - the 'fullness of time.' Herod the Great rules Judea as a client king.